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Depression in Pregnancy May Lead to Antisocial Teens
Teens whose mothers were depressed during pregnancy are at increased risk for antisocial behavior, including violence, a new study suggests.
The British researchers also found that women prone to aggressive and disruptive behaviour in their teen years are more likely to become depressed during pregnancy, which shows that a mother's history predicts her children's antisocial behaviour.
The study included 120 inner-city youth and their mothers. The children's mothers were interviewed while they were pregnant, after they gave birth, and when their children were 4, 11 and 16 years old.
Mothers who were depressed during pregnancy were four times more likely than normal to have boys and girls who were violent at age 16. The mothers' depression was predicted by their behaviour problems as teens.
"Although it's not yet clear exactly how depression in pregnancy might set infants on a pathway toward increased antisocial behavior, our findings suggest that women with a history of conduct problems who become depressed in pregnancy may be in special need of support," Dale F. Hay, a professor of psychology at Cardiff University in Wales, said in a news release.
The study is published in the January/February 2010 issue of the Journal of Child Development.